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Wallpaper with Gautama Buddha, also known as Siddhārtha Gautama, Shakyamuni.

According to tradition, the historical Buddha lived from 563 to 483 B.C., although scholars postulate that he may have lived as much as a century later. He was born to the rulers of the Shakya clan, hence his appellation Shakyamuni, which means “sage of the Shakya clan.” The legends that grew up around him hold that both his conception and birth were miraculous. His mother, Maya, conceived him when she dreamed that a white elephant entered her right side (1976.402). She gave birth to him in a standing position while grasping a tree in a garden (1987.417.1). The child emerged from Maya’s right side fully formed and proceeded to take seven steps. Once back in the palace, he was presented to an astrologer who predicted that he would become either a great king or a great religious teacher and he was given the name Siddhartha (“He who achieves His Goal”). His father, evidently thinking that any contact with unpleasantness might prompt Siddhartha to seek a life of renunciation as a religious teacher, and not wanting to lose his son to such a future, protected him from the realities of life.

The ravages of poverty, disease, and even old age were therefore unknown to Siddhartha, who grew up surrounded by every comfort in a sumptuous palace. At age twenty-nine, he made three successive chariot rides outside the palace grounds and saw an old person, a sick person, and a corpse, all for the first time. On the fourth trip, he saw a wandering holy man whose asceticism inspired Siddhartha to follow a similar path in search of freedom from the suffering caused by the infinite cycle of birth, death, and rebirth. Because he knew his father would try to stop him, Siddhartha secretly left the palace in the middle of the night (28.105) and sent all his belongings and jewelry back with his servant and horse. Completely abandoning his luxurious existence, he spent six years as an ascetic (1987.218.5), attempting to conquer the innate appetites for food, sex, and comfort by engaging in various yogic disciplines. Eventually near death from his vigilant fasting, he accepted a bowl of rice from a young girl. Once he had eaten, he had a realization that physical austerities were not the means to achieve spiritual liberation. At a place now known as Bodh Gaya (“enlightenment place”), he sat and meditated all night beneath a pipal tree. After defeating the forces of the demon Mara, Siddhartha reached enlightenment (1982.233) and became a Buddha (“enlightened one”) at the age of thirty-five.

The Buddha continued to sit after his enlightenment, meditating beneath the tree and then standing beside it for a number of weeks. During the fifth or sixth week, he was beset by heavy rains while meditating but was protected by the hood of the serpent king Muchilinda (1987.424.19ab). Seven weeks after his enlightenment, he left his seat under the tree and decided to teach others what he had learned, encouraging people to follow a path he called “The Middle Way,” which is one of balance rather than extremism. He gave his first sermon (1980.527.4) in a deer park in Sarnath, on the outskirts of the city of Benares. He soon had many disciples and spent the next forty-five years walking around northeastern India spreading his teachings. Although the Buddha presented himself only as a teacher and not as a god or object of worship, he is said to have performed many miracles during his lifetime (1979.511). Traditional accounts relate that he died at the age of eighty (2015.500.4.1) in Kushinagara, after ingesting a tainted piece of either mushroom or pork. His body was cremated and the remains distributed among groups of his followers. These holy relics were enshrined in large hemispherical burial mounds (1985.387), a number of which became important pilgrimage sites.

</div> <div jsname="WJz9Hc" style="display:none">有释迦牟尼，也被称为乔达摩悉达多释迦牟尼壁纸。

按照传统，历史的活菩萨从563到公元前483，虽然学者们推测，他可能住不亚于一个世纪之后。他出生于释迦族的统治者，因此他的称谓释迦牟尼，意思是“释迦族的圣人”的长大，他周围的认为，无论他的构想和诞生是神奇的传说。他的母亲，玛雅，怀他时，她梦见了白象进入了她的右侧（1976.402）。她站立生下了他，而在一个花园（1987.417.1）一抓一树。孩子从Maya的右侧完全形成出现，并着手采取七个步骤。一旦回到宫中，他提交给谁预言他将成为无论是伟大的国王或一个伟大的宗教老师一个占星家，他被赋予悉达多（“谁实现他的目标”）的名称。他的父亲，显然认为与任何不愉快的接触可能会促使悉达多寻求放弃的生活，作为一个宗教老师，不想自己的儿子失去了这样一个未来，从生活的现实保护他。

贫困，疾病，甚至老年的摧残人因此未知的悉达多，谁长大的每一个舒适的丰盛的宫殿包围。在29岁时，他取得了王宫外理连续三次乘坐战车，看到一个老人，一个生病的人，一具尸体，所有的第一次。在第四行，他看见一个流浪的圣人，其禁欲主义的启发悉达多遵循从造成的出生，死亡和重生的无限轮回的苦难寻找自由的类似的路径。因为他知道他的父亲会试图阻止他，偷偷悉达多在夜间（28.105）的中间离开王宫和他的仆人和马派他的所有财物和首饰回去。完全放弃自己奢华的存在，他花了六年苦行（1987.218.5），试图通过各种瑜伽学科从事征服的食物，性和舒适性先天的欲望。最后，从附近的警惕他去世禁食，他接受了一碗饭，从一个年轻女孩。有一次，他吃了，他有一个认识到物理苦行没有达到精神解脱的手段。在现在被称为菩提伽耶（“启蒙的地方”）的地方，他坐在那里沉思一菩提树树下了一夜。击败恶魔马拉的力量后，悉达多达到启迪（1982.233），并在35岁时就成了佛（“开明1”）。

佛陀继续他的启蒙后坐，静坐树下，然后站在它旁边的周数。在第五或第六周，他被同时冥想大雨困扰，但被蛇国王Muchilinda罩保护（1987.424.19ab）。他的启蒙七周后，他离开他的座位在树下，并决定教别人自己学到了什么，鼓励人们遵循他所谓的“中间道路”，这是平衡，而不是极端主义的一条路径。他在鹿野苑一个鹿园给了他的第一次讲道（1980.527.4），上城贝拿勒斯郊区。他很快有许多弟子，并在接下来45年走动印度东北部传播他的教诲。虽然佛陀提出了自己只是作为一个教师，而不是作为一个神或崇拜的对象，他说他的一生（1979.511）期间执行了许多奇迹。传统的帐目有关，他在八十在拘尸那揭罗时代（2015.500.4.1）去世后，摄入污点一块无论是蘑菇和猪肉后。他的尸体被火化，他的追随者群体之间的分配遗体。这些圣物在大型半球形古坟（1985.387），其中一些成为了重要的朝圣地点被供奉。</div> <div class="show-more-end">

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